Hangbo Alloy Group
Shanghai · Est. 2012
UNS N02061 / AWS A5.14 ERNi-1 / ISO 18274 SNi2061 — High-purity nickel welding wire with titanium deoxidation, engineered for welding Nickel 200/201, cladding steel with pure nickel, buffer layers, and dissimilar metal joints.
Nickel 61 — classified under AWS A5.14 as ERNi-1, ISO 18274 as SNi2061, and Unified Numbering System UNS N02061 — is a pure-nickel welding wire. With nickel at a minimum of 93% and a deliberate titanium addition of 2.0-3.5%, it is the purest nickel filler metal in the AWS A5.14 family. The titanium acts as a strong deoxidizer, which is essential because the pure-nickel weld pool is viscous and prone to gas porosity; the result is a clean, sound, low-iron, low-copper deposit.
Nickel 61 is the consumable of choice whenever pure nickel must be joined or protected. Its primary roles are welding Nickel 200 and Nickel 201 (UNS N02200 / N02201) forgings, plates, and castings for caustic and food processing; cladding carbon or low-alloy steel with a corrosion-resistant pure-nickel layer; forming a buffer layer before a Monel or copper-nickel overlay; and joining a very broad range of dissimilar metals. Hangbo Alloy Group supplies Nickel 61 as TIG rods, MIG wire, SAW wire, and matching ENi-1 covered electrodes with full AWS/ASME certification.
Hangbo Alloy Group supplies certified Nickel 61 TIG rods, MIG wire, SAW wire, and ENi-1 covered electrodes — all with full material certification and traceability. Stock and mill orders available for cladding, pure-nickel fabrication, and dissimilar joints.
The chemistry of Nickel 61 / ERNi-1 is controlled by AWS A5.14 to deliver a high-purity nickel deposit. The titanium addition is the defining compositional feature — it is far higher than in the base metals and is present specifically to deoxidize and prevent porosity.
| Element | AWS A5.14 Range (wt%) | Typical Value | Role in the Weld Deposit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | Remainder (≥93.0) | 94.5 | Austenitic matrix; caustic/alkali corrosion resistance; ductility |
| Titanium (Ti) | 2.0 – 3.5 | 2.8 | Strong deoxidizer; minimizes porosity; grain refinement |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.15 | 0.04 | Controlled low level to preserve corrosion resistance |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.0 | 0.45 | Deoxidation, sulfur control |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 1.0 | 0.50 | Kept low to avoid dilution of pure-nickel properties |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.75 | 0.25 | Wetting and fluidity; controlled to limit cracking |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.25 | 0.05 | Kept very low to distinguish from Ni-Cu fillers |
| Aluminum (Al) | ≤ 1.50 | 0.10 | Deoxidation, oxide-scale adhesion |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.03 | 0.010 | Impurity control for ductility |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.015 | 0.008 | Impurity control for hot cracking resistance |
Key compositional insight: The ~3% titanium in Nickel 61 is much higher than in Nickel 200/201 base metal. This is intentional — titanium scavenges oxygen and nitrogen from the sluggish pure-nickel pool, producing a dense, porosity-free weld. The deposit remains essentially pure nickel, retaining the caustic resistance of the base metal.
Physical properties of the Nickel 61 deposit are similar to those of pure nickel (Nickel 200/201), because the chemistry is essentially the same high-nickel matrix.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Density | ~8.89 g/cm³ | Same as Nickel 200/201 |
| Melting Range | ~1435 – 1446 °C | Pure-nickel melting point |
| Thermal Expansion (20–100°C) | ~13.3 × 10−6 /°C | Moderate; higher than steel |
| Thermal Conductivity (at 20°C) | ~70 W/(m·K) | Low vs. steel; requires controlled heat input |
| Electrical Resistivity | ~9.5 μΩ·cm | Typical pure-nickel value |
| Magnetic Properties | Ferromagnetic (Curie point ~360°C) | |
| Crystal Structure | Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) | |
| Property | Typical Value | AWS A5.14 Minimum |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 414 – 550 MPa | ≥ 414 MPa |
| Yield Strength (Rp0.2) | 241 – 350 MPa | ≥ 241 MPa |
| Elongation (A) | 20 – 40% | ≥ 20% |
| Hardness | 120 – 150 HB | — |
Note: The Nickel 61 deposit is intentionally soft and ductile. This low hardness (like pure nickel) is an advantage for machinability and for accommodating strain in dissimilar joints and cast iron repair. Exact values depend on welding process, heat input, and dilution from the base metal.
Pure nickel retains useful strength to moderate temperatures and is most often applied in caustic and alkaline service at or below about 315°C (600°F). Above this, designers generally select a Ni-Cr or Ni-Cr-Fe alloy for higher-temperature strength. The main design driver for Nickel 61 is corrosion resistance and compatibility rather than high-temperature strength.
| Parameter | GTAW | GMAW | SAW |
|---|---|---|---|
| Process polarity | DCEN | DCEP | DCEP |
| Shielding gas / flux | Ar or Ar-He | Ar or Ar-He | Neutral/basic Ni-alloy flux |
| Typical heat input | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Interpass temperature | ≤ 150 °C (300 °F) | ||
| Preheat | Generally not required for Ni alloys / austenitic SS; 50–100°C for thick carbon steel cladding | ||
The pure-nickel weld pool is viscous and has a high affinity for oxygen and hydrogen, making it sensitive to porosity if improperly prepared. Mitigation measures include:
Contact Hangbo Alloy Group for certified ERNi-1 TIG rods, MIG wire, SAW wire, and ENi-1 covered electrodes. Competitive pricing, fast delivery, full mill test reports. Ask about buffer-layer and cladding packages for steel substrates.
The high-purity nickel deposit of Nickel 61 provides excellent resistance in the following environments:
Hangbo Alloy Group supplies Nickel 61 / ERNi-1 in the following product forms, manufactured to AWS A5.14 / ASME SFA-5.14 specifications:
| Product Form | Applicable Standard | Typical Size Range |
|---|---|---|
| TIG Rods / Cut Lengths | AWS A5.14 ERNi-1 | Diameter 1.2 – 4.0 mm; lengths 914 / 1000 mm |
| MIG Wire (spools) | AWS A5.14 ERNi-1 | Diameter 0.8 – 1.6 mm; spools 5 – 15 kg |
| SAW Wire | AWS A5.14 ERNi-1 | Diameter 2.0 – 4.0 mm; coils / drums |
| Covered Electrodes | AWS A5.11 ENi-1 | Diameter 2.5 – 5.0 mm |
All products are supplied with EN 10204 Type 3.1 material certificates including chemical analysis, mechanical test results, and AWS/ASME conformance declarations. Food-grade and nuclear-grade lots with additional NDT and traceability are available on request.
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| AWS A5.14 / A5.14M | Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods — ERNi-1 |
| ASME SFA-5.14 / SFA-5.14M | ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code equivalent |
| ASME IX | Qualification: F-No. 41 |
| UNS N02061 | Unified Numbering System designation |
| ISO 18274 | Welding consumables — solid wire and rods for fusion welding of nickel and nickel alloys — SNi2061 |
| AWS A5.11 / A5.11M | Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Covered Welding Electrodes — ENi-1 (Inconel 141) |
| Property | Nickel 61 ERNi-1 | ERNiCu-7 (Monel 60) | ERNiCr-3 (Inconel 82) |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS | N02061 | N04060 | N06082 |
| Nickel % | ≥ 93 | 60 – 67 | Remainder (~67-72) |
| Copper % | ≤ 0.25 | 28 – 34 | ≤ 0.50 |
| Chromium % | — | — | 13 – 17 |
| Base metal match | Nickel 200/201 | Monel 400 | Inconel 600/601, Incoloy 800 |
| Primary service | Caustic, cladding, buffer | Marine, seawater | High-temperature |
| Dissimilar welding | Excellent (widest range) | Good (Ni-Cu systems) | Excellent (Ni-Cr-Fe) |
| Typical use | Pure-Ni welds, steel cladding | Monel fabrication | High-temp Ni alloy welds |
Selection guide: Choose Nickel 61 when joining pure nickel or when a low-iron, low-copper, caustic-resistant layer on steel is required. Choose ERNiCu-7 for Monel 400 and seawater service. Choose ERNiCr-3 for high-temperature Inconel/Incoloy welding and high-temperature dissimilar joints.
Nickel 61 is a pure-nickel welding wire classified AWS A5.14 ERNi-1, ISO 18274 SNi2061, UNS N02061. With nickel ≥93% and titanium 2.0-3.5%, it is the purest nickel filler in AWS A5.14. Its titanium addition minimizes porosity in the sluggish pure-nickel pool. It is used for welding Nickel 200/201, cladding steel with pure nickel, buffer layers, and a wide range of dissimilar metal joints including cast iron repair.
Per AWS A5.14, ERNi-1 (UNS N02061) is: Ni ≥93.0%, Ti 2.0-3.5%, C ≤0.15%, Mn ≤1.0%, Fe ≤1.0%, Si ≤0.75%, Cu ≤0.25%, Al ≤1.50%, P ≤0.03%, S ≤0.015%. Typical weld analyses run about 94-96% Ni with ~2.5-3.0% Ti. The high nickel and low iron/copper keep the deposit essentially pure nickel.
Typical as-welded all-weld-metal properties: tensile strength ≥414 MPa, yield strength ≥241 MPa, elongation ≥20%, hardness 120-150 HB. The deposit is soft and fully ductile by design, which makes it readily machinable and ideal for cast iron repair and buffer-layer work. Actual values depend on process, heat input, and dilution.
AWS A5.14 / A5.14M ERNi-1, ASME SFA-5.14 / SFA-5.14M, ASME IX F-No. 41, UNS N02061, ISO 18274 SNi2061, and the matching covered electrode AWS A5.11 ENi-1 (Inconel 141). It is qualified for pure-nickel and dissimilar-metal welding under ASME Section IX.
Nickel 61 is used as solid wire and rod for GTAW (TIG, DCEN), GMAW (MIG, DCEP), and SAW (submerged arc), and as the covered electrode ENi-1 / Inconel 141 for SMAW. GTAW uses pure argon; GMAW uses argon or argon-helium. Because the pure-nickel pool is viscous, slightly higher heat input and careful technique than for steel are needed.
Primary applications include welding Nickel 200/201 forgings, plates, and castings for caustic and food processing; cladding carbon and low-alloy steel with pure nickel; buffer-layer welding before Monel or Cu-Ni overlays; dissimilar joints between nickel alloys and steel, stainless, Monel, or copper-nickel; and repair welding of grey, ductile, and malleable cast iron.
Nickel 61 (ERNi-1) is essentially pure nickel and is selected for caustic service, cladding, and buffer layers. ERNiCu-7 (Monel 60) contains ~60-67% Ni with 28-34% Cu for Monel 400 and marine service. ERNiCr-3 (Inconel 82) is a Ni-Cr-Fe filler for high-temperature Inconel 600/601 and Incoloy 800 welds. Nickel 61 is correct for joining pure nickel or when a low-iron, low-copper interlayer on steel is required.
Yes. Cladding steel with a pure-nickel layer is one of the most common Nickel 61 uses. The nickel-rich, low-iron deposit provides a clean corrosion-resistant surface for caustic service and acts as a compatible buffer before a Monel or copper-nickel overlay. For thick carbon-steel cladding a 50-100°C preheat may control hydrogen, but generally no preheat is needed and interpass temperature should stay below 150°C.
For GTAW use DCEN with pure argon shielding and moderate heat input. For GMAW use DCEP with argon or argon-helium; pulsed-spray reduces spatter. For SAW use a neutral/basic nickel-alloy flux. Keep interpass temperature below 150°C and use the lowest practical heat input to avoid grain growth, since nickel conducts heat poorly and overheats easily. No preheat is normally required for nickel alloys or austenitic stainless steels.
Hangbo Alloy supplies Nickel 61 as TIG rods (1.2-4.0 mm), MIG wire on spools (0.8-1.6 mm), SAW wire (2.0-4.0 mm), and covered electrodes ENi-1 / Inconel 141 (2.5-5.0 mm). All forms can be supplied with AWS/ASME certification and full traceability.
Nickel 61 / ERNi-1 is a high-purity nickel filler. Typical pricing is $50-100/kg depending on product form, diameter, certification level, and current nickel markets. Food- and nuclear-grade lots with EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certificates are at the upper end. Lead times range from 3-6 weeks for standard sizes and 6-10 weeks for certified lots. Contact serena@hangboalloy.com for a competitive quote.
Yes. The high-purity nickel deposit offers excellent resistance to caustic soda (NaOH) and other alkaline solutions, good resistance to neutral and deaerated salt solutions, and resistance to many organic acids and dry gases. It is less resistant than Ni-Cr-Mo alloys to strongly oxidizing or reducing acids, where Hastelloy-type fillers are preferred. Its main advantages are caustic resistance, low-iron/low-copper purity, and ductility.
Yes. Nickel 61 has the widest dissimilar-metal joining range of any pure-metal filler in AWS A5.14. It joins Nickel 200/201 to carbon steel, low-alloy steel, austenitic stainless steel, Monel, and copper-nickel, and is widely used for repair welding of grey, ductile, and malleable cast iron. The soft interlayer accommodates differential thermal expansion between the steel substrate and a subsequent Monel or Cu-Ni overlay, reducing crack susceptibility.
